1998 – James Gray
Microsoft Research

Citation
"For seminal contributions to database and transaction processing research and technical leadership in system implementation."

For fundamental contributions to database and transaction processing research and technical leadership in system implementation from research prototypes to commercial products. The transaction is the fundamental abstraction underlying database system concurrency and failure recovery. Gray's work led to the definition of the desired key transaction properties: atomicity, consistency, isolation and durability; and his locking and recovery work demonstrated how to build database systems that exhibit these properties. His fault tolerance work explained how to use transactions to achieve high system availability.

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